The Birth of P-Funk: George Clinton Essay -- essays research papers

In antiquated African human advancements music came first in all exercises that the clans took an interest in. There was a melody for each festival, each birth, and each passing. As Africans were oppressed and moved to North America by Europeans, numerous traditions and conventions followed with them. As their way of life was taken from them and European beliefs were put upon them, they kept tune as their all inclusive language and their connection to the country. From at an early stage, slave melodies otherwise called â€Å"Negro Spirituals† were the main tendency of what could be viewed as African American music. These melodies were to a great extent impacted by the transformation of numerous Africans to Christianity, and for the most part held a strict hint. As subjection traveled every which way and those oppressed Africans settled and made this nation their home. The music they made and praised advanced alongside the way of life. Gospel was one of the first of numerous melodic styles to rise up out of dark networks. Created as a strict style of music, gospel was one of the principal markers that the â€Å"black church† had framed. Out of Gospel music rose a progressively mainstream type of music called Blues. Blues discussed a portion of similar hardships that negro spirituals and gospel music, yet the item was not to request direction from a profound element. Numerous other melodic classifications were made and molded from the encounters of Africans living in America. Everything from: Jazz to Soul to R&B all are immediate commitments from the encounters o...

Oil and Gas Industry Legal Aspects

Question: Analyze and assess the key regions and highlights that goverments should concentrate on during their arrangement procedure and in the drafting of agreements with the universal oil organizations? Answer: Presentation Countries that are gigantic amounts of characteristic assets plan to utilize such assets in order to keep up their financial soundness and to assemble reserves that would be utilized for different formative procedures. So as to do as such, the legislatures of such nations connect with into lawful agreements with those oil organizations that work in the global oil showcase and perform different exercises related with the investigation, boring and preparing of such characteristic assets with the point of selling the handled assets in the market. The specialized, conservative and business parts of such oil investigation forms are considered with extraordinary significance by both the gatherings: the administration of the nations that are home to such assets and the associations that are keen on the extraction or penetrating methodology. Nonetheless, both the gatherings need to invest amounts of energy in this division as the way toward conceding to an agreement for the investigation of the normal assets of any nation is without a doubt a difficult errand: the main test being simply the procedure of arrangement. In a large portion of the creating nations, including Mexico, Bolivia and Kazakhstan, the characteristic assets like that of oil and gaseous petrol are viewed as the national resources, rather than being the property of any individual or private association or element. The legitimate directly over the surface land isn't viewed as when the legislature of these countries guarantee their directly over the normal assets that lay underneath the ground: the constitutions of these nations are revered by laws that approve this procedure. The countries that have huge stores of oil, gaseous petrol or some other assets put forth a steady attempt in giving such advantages to the oil organizations that they partake during the time spent abuse of these assets, utilizing their mastery and specialized or money related assets, so as to showcase the assets appropriately. Meaning of Contract: Acontract can be characterized as a conscious and willful understanding between at least two gatherings, which is limited by the law. By and large, contracts are all around reported by the able gatherings that partake in the understanding, yet may likewise be suggested in some other shape or be created as verbal understanding. The basic components of any substantial agreement arelegality, limit, consideration,andmutual consent. An agreement is said to have a lawful presence if and just if the accompanying factualelements are available: An offer that is being made by one gathering to another. The proof of the acknowledgment of the offer. A guarantee regardingthe execution of any activity A mentionable thought A period length inside which the guaranteed presentation will be made Different terms and conditions that are material to the way toward satisfying the previously mentioned guarantees. Setting the Parameters: Disregarding the enormous number of partners partner with the way toward misusing the regular assets of a country and the serious interests of these partners, the legislature of these nations tend to not give the best possible consideration that such exchange forms request . In any case, since the measure of assets that are in stake in such kinds of legitimate agreements, the administrations of these countries delegate the undertaking of dealing with the intricate issues engaged with the procedure of such exchange procedures to the specialists of these spaces: as, experienced and regarded legal advisors are named to care for the lawful parts of these agreements, architects and building firms are designated to care for the specialized parts of the agreements being drafted (Langford, 2014). Fruitful oil contracts are commonly found to develop out from the procedures that include direct exchanges. Be that as it may, it is found when all is said in done that different complex issues are included the way toward arranging an oil extraction contract, as such dealings are as a general rule prospered by hesitation: the uncertainties being related with the absence of information on the area of plausible oil field, the absence of any estimation of the measure of oil that could be bored out of the oil wells and/or the absence of capacity of the gatherings partaking in the agreement to make forecasts about the fate of the market. Anyway legal advisors who have the ability of haggling such agreements are very much aware of the way that every single other exchange process incorporates certain powerless focuses, the circumstance under which the arrangement id being led or the terms and states of the agreement being unessential: the correct and productive usage of the frail second bei ng the way to making a success win circumstance for any association. The different issues that are commonly thought about during the way toward arranging an oil contract incorporate the plausible expenses related with the operational exercises of oil boring, the vacillations of the market, the likely size of the oil fields and the assessed amount of oil and normal gases that could be penetrated from the oil wells et cetera. The experience of space specialists, alongside critical force are basically required so as discover the need and significance of every one of these variables, with the end goal that a fair agreement can be readied: anyway it ought to likewise be viewed as that no such agreement is indistinguishable from another, as the significance and the need of the previously mentioned factors continue changing now and again and all around. Issues that emerge during the time spent arrangement The various issues that are related with the arrangement procedure can be named: The variables are not considered suing the arrangement procedure, similar to that ofenvironmental and social issuesand The contention zone . In the accompanying area, different other critical variables have been examined: Time Factor Time-responsive variables are viewed as urgent for the way toward arranging oil contracts: such factors incorporate - The cost of raw petroleum in the worldwide market Socio-political and monetary state of the nation and The between dependencyof the previously mentioned factors Oil agreements ought to be drafted with the end goal that the agreements can join the different changes that these variables experience every now and then (Babusiaux, 2004). Indigenous Communities The different indigenous networks who are socially and financially influenced by the oil contracts drafted in the middle of the administrations of the countries and the oil organizations, interest for remunerations: the interests of these gatherings ought to be considered by the legislature during the exchange procedure (Bantekas, 2009) Straightforwardness The indigenous networks of the country can acknowledge the legitimate agreements between the administration and the oil organizations just when the different terms, conditions and costs that are cited in the agreements are uncovered to the general population: consequently the a base degree of straightforwardness ought to be kept up during the way toward arranging an oil contract (Bhattacharyya, 2009). Irreconcilable circumstance As the legislature of the country is considered as one of the gatherings engaged with the oil contract, odds are there that an irreconcilable circumstance may be seen with respect to the administration during the arrangement procedure, as on one hand the administration attempts to expand the benefit of the country, while then again the legislature needs to think about the interests of the different indigenous networks of the nation (Bindemann, 2000). Master Negotiators The procedure of extraction of oil or potentially common gases includes different conservative, legitimate, mechanical and natural perspectives (Cardella, n.d.). The legislature must utilize experienced space specialists to take care of these parts of the oil contracts, as the worldwide oil utilize such specialists in order to lead the arrangement procedure (Crump, n.d.). Kinds of Oil Contract The different kinds of oil gets that may happen in the middle of the legislature and the oil organizations have been talked about in this segment: Permit Agreements Through the procedure of License Agreements or Concession Agreements, the oil organizations procure the select privileges of creating foundation, investigating oil fields, extricate the oil, and sell the oil in the global market, for a specified timeframe. The organization pays a permit expense to the administration, which the legislature holds despite creation. Ehen the creation begins, the organization makes good on personal duties and sovereignty to the legislature. Consequently such agreements put the administration in the invaluable position (Ghandi and Lin, 2014). Creation Sharing Agreement (or PSA') Such kinds of understandings guarantee that the different dangers and liabilities that are related with the creation of oil are borne by the organization: they should likewise remunerate the administration in type of installment of capital speculations and the costs related with the tasks (Jennings, 2002). After the reasoning of the previously mentioned sum from the benefit, the rest of the sum is similarly separated among the administration and the organizations. The organization pays for different expenses from its a lot of benefit (Mahmud and Russell, 2002). Joint Venture Agreement In such understandings, the benefit assembled by the procedure of investigation of oil and characteristic gases is shared by both the gatherings that are engaged with the agreement: the administration and the oil organization that is associated with the operational exercises of boring of oil. The legislature likewise needs to take the weight of dangers that are related with the procedure of oil extraction. In any case, the administration is assuaged of the undertaking of taking choices in regards to the tasks of the oil fields as this piece of the operational action is considered as the responsibi

How to Deal With Divorce Without Failing at Work

How to Deal With Divorce Without Failing at Work Sometimes, we encounter situations that threaten to bring our entire lives crumbling down. If you have been through the devastation that is divorce, you understand this intimately.When you meet someone you click with, that you cherish and want to be with for the rest of your life, the feeling is magical.You then get married, and the more you live with them, the more they become a part of you.Regardless of the nature of your marriage (unless it was a totally toxic marriage), and as cliché as this might sound, the two of you become one heart, you become extensions of each other.You can think of divorce as cutting that one heart in half. You were one, but now you have just been ripped apart, and that hurts a lot.The pain and the trauma from a divorce is so severe that it’s almost impossible for it not to leak into other areas of your life and affect all your other relationships.If you are not careful, it might even start affecting your work and how you relate with your bosses, collea gues, customers, and other people you interact with at the workplace.The trauma from the divorce might also take its toll on your productivity and the quality of your work.Some people might go to the other extreme and become workaholics â€" drowning their pain in work â€" and that isn’t good either.In today’s article, we are going to take a look at how to deal with divorce and at least get a grip on yourself while you are at work to ensure your productivity and workplace relationships don’t suffer.TAKE A FEW DAYS OFFIn the days following your divorce, when the wound is still raw, your pain is extreme.During this period, it can be very difficult to concentrate on your work because your heart is still in anguish.Naturally, your mind is going to be assailed with dark thoughts of guilt, regret, or anger.In such a state, you won’t be able to focus on interacting with clients or completing projects.For some, divorce comes with depression or at least an acute case of melancholy.If your job requires that you interact with others on a daily basis, it might prove impossible to go out there and smile at people when you are sick with distress.In such situations, it is okay to take a few days off for some emotional recovery. While work is important, self-care is also important because you are a human being, not a machine.Unlike a robot, you are emotionally and psychologically vulnerable.Taking some vacation days off work after the divorce can help your refocus, plan your future, figure things out.You can then return to work with a clear plan of action, instead of just trudging through each work day, trying to put on a smile while you are dying inside.ACKNOWLEDGE, ACCEPT, HEAL, MOVE ONIgnoring physical pain is a recipe for disaster. The same is true for emotional pain.The emotional wounds we try to cover up end up rearing their heads again in future and causing much more damage in our lives.For instance, there is the guy at work who looks okay, but he’s struggling with an alcohol addiction.Having drinks after work was a way for him to escape his pain, but it turned into a habit he is now unable to give up.In extreme cases, he might even have a bottle of whisky in his desk at work which he sips from during work hours. Dealing with such addictions becomes another challenge that they have to deal with, on top of the initial trauma.There are many people who develop addictions after going through something like divorce. These addictions usually develop as a way of covering up for the pain they are feeling.Later on, the addiction becomes toxic and affects other areas of their life, including their work life. They start coming to work late, untidy, intoxicated, disorganized, or they miss work altogether.To avoid falling into such addictions, don’t ignore or try to repress your feelings after going through something like a divorce. What we bury has a way of growing stronger within us and then one day exploding.When we ignore emotional pain, the pa in grows inside us, corroding our souls, and gradually leaks its toxic influence on various aspects of our lives and causes even greater problems and heartache, sending us down a slippery slope that can be difficult to come out of.After the divorce, have the courage to acknowledge your pain. Don’t fill your free time with endless activities just so you don’t have to face your pain or think about your situation.It’s okay to sit and think things through, write in a journal, talk to a close friend or a psychiatrist, and so on.Anything that allows you to face the truth of your divorce, acknowledge it, accept it, heal from it, and acquire the mental/emotional resources to move on, in that order.Note, however, that there is a morbid, self-indulgent, kind of introspection, which dwells on your hurt â€" that is not what we are talking about.It’s not about fixating on what you did wrong and spending all your time wishing you could go back in time and change what happened.It is about acknowledging that mistakes were done, acknowledging and accepting that the divorce has happened, and then picking your lessons and moving forward.AVOID RUMINATING After the divorce, you will note a tendency in yourself to ask questions such as “why?” or “what if?”This is ruminating, and it is not at all helpful. No matter how much you obsess over what happened, thinking about it won’t fix it.This may seem to clash with our previous point, but allow me to explain the difference. In the previous point, I said that you should acknowledge, accept, heal, and move on. Note that the emphasis is on progress.When you ruminate obsessively, however, you are not accepting, you are not healing, and you are certainly not moving on.You are just indulging in a feedback loop of self-pity and self-loathing. It’s not healthy.Do not think about your divorce just for the sake of thinking about it. Think with the end goal of healing and moving on.That’s why when you have to think about you r divorce, instead of asking questions such as “why?” and “what if?” you should ask questions such as “what next?” or “what do I do next?” or “what’s the plan?”Such questions force you to think of a post-divorce future. In fact, they force you to acknowledge, accept, and motivate you to move on. They force you to start planning for the future. They make you realize that though you have just had a divorce, the world is not over.There is still more to life. There is your work, your family, your friendships, your hobbies, your career goals, and so on.All these are things that need your attention, and becoming aware of them can help you cope as you realize that although you have lost something, you haven’t lost everything.Unless your introspection is systematic and geared towards moving on, you will lose control of your thoughts and end up feeling bad about yourself, with nothing gained.Looking towards the future, on the other hand, helps reduce some of the feeli ngs of disillusionment or hopelessness.Think of it as planting a seed. Thinking is like planting seeds in your mind. Thinking about the future in positive terms plants a seed that can help motivate you to move on with your life.PRACTICE GRATITUDE“Gratitude? How can I be grateful when I have just gone through a divorce?” This is what you are probably asking yourself, right? Well, let me explain.Think about a situation in the movies where a character loses a job they loved, a relationship, or something else that defined them. After losing this thing, they seem to have lost their spirit.They get dejected and become unkempt, looking like someone who just crawled out of wreckage. When they speak, they are thoroughly pessimistic. You might hear them say that they just lost everything.As someone watching the movie, you probably get dumbfounded by this statement. You can see all that the character has going for them in their lives.They usually still have people who care about them, but in their fog of defeat and self-pity, they can’t see what they have or who they have. All they can see is what they have lost.Does that sound familiar?In all such cases, if you look carefully, you will note one unifying theme: they lost something that defined them. In other words, it felt to them as if they had lost themselves.Having lost that thing or person that defined them, they felt lost, rudderless, helpless, and hopeless.Doesn’t that sound exactly like what happens when one goes through a divorce?As we said in the introduction, loving and living with someone for a long time makes them a part of you.You are so in sync that you can tell what the other person is thinking, feeling, or how they would react to situations.When you undergo a divorce, the divorce splits you in two, and that’s why it’s so devastating.It’s like having a body part cut off without anesthesia â€" the emotional/psychological equivalent of that.Just like that the people in the movie, you have lost something/someone that defined you, and now you feel completely lost and rudderless.Like them, you feel like you have lost everything.However, just like the people in the movie, you are wrong.You still have a lot going for you. You have your job, career goals, friends, family, pet, kids, and so on.As difficult as this might sound, you have to actively make yourself reflect on the things you should be thankful for.Do you know that it is impossible to be grateful when you are in a negative mood, and equally impossible to be in a negative mood when you are feeling grateful?If you don’t believe us, test it. With this in mind, you should use gratitude as a hack to positive thinking.Negative thoughts focus your attention on what you lack, what you have lost. Gratitude directs your attention towards what you do have.I am not asking you to lie to yourself that everything is alright and whip up false emotions of positivity. Far from it â€" in fact, I am asking you to be more realistic.Thin king that you have lost everything is the lie. Acknowledging that you still have much to be thankful for in your life is simply a means to bring back emotional/psychological balance.If you don’t know how to start, get a notebook and call it your gratitude notebook.Every night before you go to sleep, or every morning before you start your day, or whenever you are free during the day, or whenever you are feeling particularly negative, write down the things in your life you are grateful for.There is always something to be grateful for, even if it’s something as simple as the roses in your garden blooming, or the fact that you are still alive.CLOSE THE CHAPTER GRACEFULLYThis might be the hardest thing I am going to ask of you, but it has to be done.You have to release your partner now that you are divorced. When I say release, I mean releasing them emotionally.If you are angry at them, that means you are still grasping onto them in your heart.Contrary to what most of us believe, for giveness is not about letting the other person off the hook. In fact, forgiving somebody is more healing for us than it is for them.When you hold on your bitterness against someone inside your heart, it eats you and slowly corrodes your soul. It makes you a vengeful, bitter, ugly person, and totally warps your mind.This can have workplace repercussions when you start to hold grudges and vendettas against your colleagues, customers, or boss.Just as you can train yourself to be a grateful person, you can also train yourself to be a forgiving one. Forgiving your partner is about moving on.Meet with them and talk â€" as amicably as possible.No matter how what or how much you said about each other or did to each other during the divorce process, especially if it went to court, try your best to end your relationship on a mutually respectful note.So long as you are angry at each other, neither of you will be able to move on, and your anger at each other will spill into all your future rela tionships, whether romantic, with friends, in the family, or even at work.Closing the chapter is not just about forgiveness. It is also about acceptance.Sure it’s possible that the two of you could get back together again (though unlikely), but for the moment it is assumed that your marriage is over.To hold on to the hope of getting back together is a cruel thing to do to yourself. It prevents you from moving on.When you see them move on with their life and start seeing other people, it will really hurt. It’s best to accept that what has happened has happened, pick up the pieces, and move on with your life.Instead of thinking of it as an end of something, why don’t you think of it as the beginning of something new? It could be the beginning of a new life, a new adventure.The possibilities are limitless.HAVE A SUPPORT NETWORKIsolating yourself is the worst thing you can do after a divorce. When you pull away from others, that’s when you start to ruminate and to ask destructiv e questions, playing unhelpful scenarios on your head.To avoid this, you must have a support network to lean on when things go sideways. These are people who will listen to you nonjudgmentally and slowly guide your healing process.Unfortunately, not all of us have truly close friendships. Furthermore, our friends can desert us in times of stress.In addition, the friends that do stay on may be the judgmental â€" friends who encourage our anger and hatred against our partner. Such friends may be fun normally, but when you are going through a bad patch like a divorce, that’s not what you need.You need a friend who will listen to you nonjudgmentally, without giving negative opinions, friends who will help you heal and move on.Sometimes all you need is someone to listen to you without judging either you or the person you are talking about.Few people are able to give you this kind of safe space.That’s why you should look for divorce support groups in your area, if they are any. If the re aren’t, you can always join a divorce support group on social media â€" they are many.If possible, look for a local one, especially one that organizes meet ups for the members to interact and share their stories.Such groups provide a safe and open space where divorced people can open up without fearing judgment. In such a group, you are free to be vulnerable.Furthermore, many of the people in such groups have more experience than you in dealing with divorce and may give you great advice on what to do or not do to make the process easier for yourself.REDEFINE YOURSELFOne of the main reasons why people find it difficult to move on after a divorce is the fact that we often define ourselves by our relationships, especially marriage.When they fall apart, we no longer know who we are.As we have shown before in this article, perspective is everything is everything when it comes to surviving a divorce.Adopting a different attitude can make all the difference and free you from a lot of pain.Instead of looking at it as losing your identity, now that you are no longer part of a couple, look at it as an opportunity to redefine yourself. Who are you going to be now?In other words, don’t look back â€" look forward.There are many ways to put this in practice.For instance, you can develop a new hobby â€" maybe take pottery classes, start writing or dancing.Alternatively, you could starting learning a new work related skill, one that will make you more valuable at the work place.You can go out and start meeting new people, and I do not mean romantically.Make new friends.These new friends don’t know you from before your divorce, and therefore will always look at you as the person you are post-divorce.They don’t have a pre-divorce memory of you to compare with. They will therefore accept you as you are now and love you for who you are.You too will learn to love the new you through their nonjudgmental eyes.DON’T LET YOUR DIVORCE BECOME AN EXCUSE AT WORKWhether or not it’s appropriate to tell your boss or colleagues that you went through a divorce will depend on the type of relationship you have.For instance, if you have a more open work environment, where members of your family are free to attend company events, it might be necessary to let them know.Anyway, if you decide to let them know, take care that you don’t overdo it. Don’t be confessional.Don’t go into the details, as a workplace is not the environment for discussing the intimate details of your marriage.You can leave it at the bare minimum of just alerting them that you are no longer married. Informing your boss and colleagues ensures that awkward situations don’t happen â€" like someone sending a holiday card or gift basket addressed to you and your partner.Whatever you do, don’t let your divorce become an excuse for poor performance at work.That’s why you should avoid going into the details. When you go into detail, it makes you a victim. The victim mentality makes you seek sympathy from others.When you do something wrong, like coming in late, the victim mentality leads you to thinking that everyone will understand you are going through a hard time.Try as much as possible to maintain clear boundaries between your work and personal life. These boundaries are there to protect you.They ensure your divorce doesn’t spill into your workplace and ruin your reputation or career prospects.Fortunately, if you will have gone through the other steps described above, it will be much easier to maintain the boundaries between your work and personal life.WRAPPING IT UPDivorce is one of the toughest things you can go through on an emotional level.It’s literally the death of something â€" a relationship that defined you and meant so much to you. Post-divorce, it is normal to grieve over what we have lost.Unfortunately, this grieving process can spill onto other aspects of our lives.If we are not careful, the bitter feelings that we carry in our heart can poison our other relationships and ruin our performance at work.I hope that the strategies shared in this article have enlightened you on what to do to avoid falling apart at work following a divorce.

Othello by William Shakespeare - 588 Words

Othello The mutual purpose of a playwright or past or present time is to seize and grasp the attention of an audience. In order for a playwright to be successful, the playwright must uphold the curiosity of the audience. The catastrophe of Othello is one of Shakespeare’s well-known plays, and it is notorious for catching the attention of the audience. The Shakespeare had an intriguing way of capturing an audience or reader in remarkable way. Shakespeare uses countless methods in order to achieve his goal. Shakespeare guaranteed the misfortune of Othello would clutch the curiosity of the audience by the building of interesting characters, search for widespread themes, use of a witty technique and a well-written script presenting a persuasive plot. The plot of Othello is has a sequence of events that plays a big role in sustaining the interest of the audience. Shakespeare’s objective was to write a well written-script with plot that captivates the attention of the audience leaving them please and wanting more after reading or watching it. Othello is a play has a series of events presenting extreme drama, twists, tragedy and mystery that enthralls the audience leaving them wanting more. For example the audience reads the suspenseful drama regarding Othello, Desdemona and the manipulation Iago has on Othello in Act IV, Scene l. This sequence of events is carried on through the entire play. Shakespeare uses characters and creates them to manipulative causing drama making theShow Mor eRelatedOthello, By William Shakespeare957 Words   |  4 Pagesinnocent person kills himself while not knowing the truth. The best example of that would be the play Othello by the great William Shakespeare. As little as a handkerchief could make a difference if it is a symbol for something. In the play Othello by Shakespeare, handkerchief is first introduced by Othello to his beautiful mistress, Desdemona, as a sign of their love. At the end of the play what gets Othello to take extreme measures by the location of the handkerchief. As the symbol of the handkerchiefRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1599 Words   |  7 Pages William Shakespeare’s 16th century play Othello is a duplicitous and fraudulent tale set alternatingly between Venice in act 1, and the island of Cyprus thereafter. The play follows the scandalous marriage between protagonist Othello, a Christian moore and the general of the army of Venice, and Desdemona, a respected and intelligent woman who also happens to be the daughter of the Venetian Senator Brabantio. Shakespeare undoubtedly positions the marriage to be viewed as heroic and noble, despiteRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1218 Words   |  5 PagesIn a historical time period where emphasis was shifting from religion to race and ethnicity, key indicators of differences that perpetuated into racial prejudice and racial ideologies are evident in Othello by William Shakespeare. Although racism was not fully formed at this moment in history, Othello can be interpreted as a representation and an exploration of this shift in ideology. In the past, before this change to ward racial differences, religion was the major segretory factor in signifyingRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare894 Words   |  4 Pagesthose that which occurred in Othello written by William Shakespeare. Throughout the play Othello, we see the struggles of a marriage that is not accepted by their society. Othello is a extremely cherished black general living in a primarily white community. The play begins with Othello secretly becoming married to a white woman named Desdemona. This reasons others who are white to become angry and excuse to dislike this black man further more than they already do. Othello is a downward spiral from loveRead MoreOthello by William Shakespeare790 Words   |  3 PagesThroughout Othello by William Shakespeare, Othello makes numerous poor decisions due to his jealousy. Hitting Desdemona, trusting Iago, and killing Desdemona are among a few of the poor decisions that he makes. The word jealous can be defined as feeling or showing suspicion of som eones unfaithfulness in a relationship. Othello feels suspicious of Desdemona’s and Cassio’s relationship because of the lies that Iago tells him. Many people try to tell Othello the truth but he only believes the wordsRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1923 Words   |  8 Pagesdissatisfaction or complication is shown. Firstly in Othello love is presented as ephemeral and transient while atonement love is presented as unrequited and finally in cat on a hot tin roof love is presented as painful and troublesome due to unreciprocated feelings. The tragic plot of Othello hinges on the potential of the villain, Iago, to deceive other characters, above all Roderigo and Othello, through encouraging them to misinterpret what they see. Othello is prone to Iago s ploys seeing that he himselfRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare941 Words   |  4 Pageswas Williams Shakespeare’s play Othello which depicts the tragedy of Othello, a Morris Captain. What is different about Shakespeare play is that the tragic hero is the black Othello and the villain a white Iago. Therefore, Shakespeare depiction of Othello as a tragic character and Iago as a villain, challenges Elizabethan’s stereotypes regarding individuals of African descent. Shakespeare challenges the stereotypical â€Å"type –casting of the black man† in Elizabethan society by depicting Othello asRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1152 Words   |  5 Pages‘Othello’ was a tragedy of incomprehension at the deepest level of human dealings as no one in the play came to an understanding of himself or any of the surrounding characters. The play ‘Othello’ by William Shakespeare focused on tragedy through the anguish of the main character ‘Othello’ which lead to the suffering and death of numerous characters including himself. Appearance Vs. Reality challenged human dealings within the play ‘Othello’ as no-one came to see anyone’s true self and no-one seesRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1178 Words   |  5 Pagesprofitable in condition of good and immorality. Othello is presented as good and Iago as evil, but Iago and Othello’s relationship also shares a distrust of their wives. The overall logical argument is based on love, jealousy and betrayal between two lovers that ultimately leads to their separation because of Iago’s evil plan. I am using this article to agree with Berry s view on how Iago separates two lovers just so he can take retaliation on Othello by manipulating everyone to unmasking their trueRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1140 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Othello† is a play written by William Shakespeare in 1603. In this play, Shakespeare features three major characters: Othello, Iago, and Desdemona. Othello, a black man, and Desdemona, a white venetian secretly eloped in the play. Iago shows racism and prejudice towards their relationship because of their skin colors. In the play, Iago says: â€Å"Even now, now, very now, an old black ram is tupping your white ewe. Arise, arise! Awake the snorting citizens with the bell, or else the devil will make a

A Study On Chinese Mother - 965 Words

In the beginning of the article, author Chua gives the reader a list of things that she forbidden her two daughters, Sophia and Louisa, to ever do. The list contain items such as: no sleepover, no play date, no school play, no TV nor computer, no grade less than A, no other extracurricular activities without parents approval, no other instruments beside piano and violin. Author Chua claims that this is the list â€Å"Chinese mother† would applied to create genius kids such as â€Å"math whizzes and music prodigies† (1). Moreover, she explains that â€Å"Chinese mother† do not necessary need to be Chinese, but it is more of a term to describe a very strict parenting style. Chu indicates â€Å"Chinese mother† and â€Å"Western parents† teaching styles are like night and day. She supports her theory with examples such as: the practice hour’s differences between two parenting styles-three hours versus 30 minutes of practice time; â€Å"Chinese mother† would stayed hours to do homework with their kids, whereas â€Å"Western parents† are suggested that â€Å"’stressing academic success is not good for children’ or that ‘parents need to foster the idea that learning is fun’†(4). Chua argues that when children get good at something the tasks and exercises become fun and exciting to do although it might seem harsh in the process. Author Chua implicates that practice makes everything perfect, thus persistent is the key to success. She indicates that once the kids get compliments, respect, and contentment their confidenceShow MoreRelatedThe Roar Of The Tiger Mom By Amy Chua1031 Words   |  5 PagesQuestions have been raised on whether Chinese parenting raises more flourishing children than Western parenting. 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Mathematical in India Past, Present, Future Free Essays

Mathematics in India Past, Present and Future What is mathematics? â€Å"mathematics is a science of space, numbers and quantity† Past: Indian mathematics emerged in the Indian subcontinent from 1200 BC until the end of the 18th century. In the classical period of Indian mathematics (400 AD to 1200 AD), important contributions were made by scholars like Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, and Bhaskara II. The decimal number system in use today was first recorded in Indian mathematics. We will write a custom essay sample on Mathematical in India Past, Present, Future or any similar topic only for you Order Now Indian mathematicians made early contributions to the study of the concept of zero as a number, negative numbers, arithmaticm and algebra. In addition, trigonometry was further advanced in India, and, in particular, the modern definitions of sine and cosine were developed there. These mathematical concepts were transmitted to the Middle East, China, and Europe and led to further developments that now form the foundations of many areas of mathematics. Present: 20th century The 20th century saw mathematics become a mojor profession. Every year, thousands of new Ph. D. s in mathematics are awarded, and jobs are availablein teaching, research and industry. Mathematical collaborations of unprecedented size and scope took place in India. One of the more colorful figures in 20th – century mathematics was Srinivasa Aiyangar Ramanujan (1887-1920), an Indian autodidact who conjectured or proved over 3000 theorems, including properties of highly composite nimbers, the partition function and its asymptotic, and mock theta functions. He also made major investigations in the areas of gamma functions, modular forms, divergent series, hyper geometric series and prime number theory. 21st century In 1980, Shakuntala Devi gave the product of two, thirteen digit nimbers within 28 seconds; many countries have invited her to demonstrate her extraordinary talent. In Dallas she competed with a computer with a computer to see who give the cube root of 188138517 faster, she won. At university of USA she was asked to give the 23rd root, she answered in 50 seconds. The answer is 546372891. It took a UNIVAC 1108 computer, full one minute (10 seconds more) to confirm that she was right after it was fed with 13000 instructions. Now she is known to be Human computer. FUTURE: There are many observable trends in mathematics, the most notable being that the subject is growing ever larger, computers are ever more important and powerful, the application of mathematics to bioinformatics is rapidly expanding, the volume of data to be analyzed being produced by science and industry, facilitated by computers, is explosively expanding. The field of mathematics has become so large that it has become impossible to have an overview of all relevant mathematics. A formalized library should enable the search for relevant results. When designing new high-tech systems, like software for an automatic pilot super computer etc. , one uses complicated mathematical models. Indian mathematician, engineers and scientist ar eone of the top leading in this trend. CONCLUSION: Mathematics is a science of all sciences and art of all arts. Without the proper foundation of mathematics, any science or subject will be a failure, Mathematics is a creation of human mind, concerned cheifly with the ideas, processes and reasoning the modern world of technology, tools such as computer requires the basic mathematics and calculations. Matehmatics is the instrument of education found to be in conformity with the human mind. If we sincerely give our time in the subject of mathematics, we can also come up with innovative ideas and thoughts that can shape the entire universe as our ancestors do in past. We look forward to what the future will bring. How to cite Mathematical in India Past, Present, Future, Essay examples

Positive Learning free essay sample

Introduction Student behaviours in schools have been perceived by researchers for years. Over the past twenty-five years, Sugai, (2009) states that Gallup Polls have specified, behavioural complications are on the top trials schools face. To establish and scan these behaviours, checklists of behaviours are available that included the most usual behaviours observed by te schools teachers (Algozzine, 2003). Such behaviours includes anxiety, disobedience, isolation, destructiveness and disruptiveness. Safran, Safran, Barcikowski, (1985) states, such behaviours occupy teachers for an undue amount of time. Safran Safran, (1984) reports that teachers normally spend sixty- ninety precent more time with misbehaving students than with the rest of the students. Johnson Fullwood, (2006) states that teachers spend up to ninety precent more time with problematic students. Many new teachers have trouble dealing with persistent misbehaviour. They become exasperated because their previous responses had little impact. They spend substantial time distressing about the problem and often feel as if their authority and power is being challenged. We will write a custom essay sample on Positive Learning or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A common way of consolidating behaviours is the division of internalising against externalising behaviours. Internalising behaviours such as anxiety, shyness, or inattentiveness mainly affect the student demonstrating the behaviour. Externalising behaviours such as fighting, aggression, and disobedience are outer-directed behaviours. It is essential to understand student behaviour from an eco-systemic viewpoint. This principle highlights the composite, unified and co-dependent type of relationships between a variety of relational, intra-personal and environmental factors that impact the everyday behaviours of teachers and students. The behavioural change in social systems does not take place in the direct approach of the positivistic custom. Instead, behaviours should be observed as cycles of communication. In other words, the students’ behaviour is assumed to be affected and dependent on the behaviours of other people around them. (De Jong. 2005). To learn the approaches and opinions of different people regarding student misbehaviour, a research was commenced through conducting informal interview of six people belonging to different groups in the society. The purpose was to get different views and perceptions on why students misbehave; interviewees included people from different groups such as practicing teachers, retired school teacher, parents, pre service teacher and a non-teaching professional. The interview consisted of several informal and open-ended questions in order to grasp the in-depth knowledge about various reasons of student misbehaviour and their solutions. The approach uses a series of questions intended to offer perspective on the student’s misbehaviour and assistance in creating responses. 2. 0 Participants: Following interviewees were selected for interview. Names have been kept confidential to maintain privacy. 1. Interviewee 1 (Female): is a full time teacher is her early 30’s. 2. Interviewee 2 (Female): is a pre-service teacher in her 20’s. 3. Interviewee 3 (Male): is a pensioned off school teacher in his late 50’s. 4. Interviewee 4 (Female): is a 38 years old mother of three children. 5. Interviewee 5 (Male): is a father of three children in his early 40’s. 6. Interviewee 6 (Male): is a non-teaching professional and postgraduate student in his early 30’s. During the interviews, many common themes regarding student misbehaviour, their reasons and impacts were discussed. Various researches and theories were also linked with the answers in order to analyse the root cause of such behaviours and the suitable responses. 3. 0 Understanding the Reasons for Difficult Behaviour: Understanding multiple causes of student misbehaviour can aid you to select the most applicable solution. Questions on physical, emotional and environmental factors were asked which helped in understanding the main grounds of problematic misbehaviours: 3. 1 Question What are the physical causes of misbehaviour? Interviewee 1 suggested that the consumption of illegal Medication and Drugs by school students modify their behaviour in numerous ways. She once took students on an excursion, and one student arrived drunk showing extreme behaviours (drowsy, overly active). Students usually recall information when they are in the same state (drunk) as when they learned it (Eich, 1989). Interviewee 2 answered that students don’t take good care of their health and feeling unpleasant can make them irritable, although misperception and distraction may be more usual reactions. She also pondered that Fatigue is common in academic life and increases, when exams dates are near. When the pressure of exams increases, politeness is usually absent in students. Hearing and vision problems also result in student misbehaviour. A student with such debility may appear troublesome. Interviewee 3 answered that vision/hearing difficulty of student or even the teacher raises the risk of confusion thus leading to miscommunication and the possibility that student or teacher might get offended. 3. 2 Question What are the major Emotional Challenges? Teachers have to choose if to get personally involved when emotional challenges are the reason for rude behaviour. Talking privately with associates or the counselling centre can benefit the teacher to choose when a student requires referral for professional assistance. Interviewee 6 specified that when school students reach an adults’ age, they’re usually given charge for their major decisions in life thus they might feel lonely once confronted with loss. Grief may be uttered as anger or guilt, depression and denial. Interviewee 3 believed that a small incident in the class (like forgetting the textbook) may activate a strangely big response and usually the teacher is merely an aim for the expression of the student’s sentiment. 3. 3 Question What are the major Environmental Factors? Interviewee 1 discussed that class size and culture contribute to varying student’s behaviours. Big classes can buoy up a student or students to behave as if they were in a cinema or even a tv lounge. Interviewee further commented that supportive educational activities might aid in reducing the blockades that a big class creates among the teachers and the students. Every culture has a different standard regarding student’s unpunctuality to class or when it is suitable for a student to talk. If all every student is going to experience a specific cultural atmosphere after graduation, it may be easier to have classroom environment that matches with the work environment. Routine and Stimulation are other environmental factors identified by Interviewee 2 commented that excessive routine result in boredom, however too little creates confusion. A lot of motivation generates difficulties for the students who normally have trouble handling their activity level, and too little motivation results in disruption in the class. Interviewee 1 opined the importance of an unconventional learning environment. Some students require alternate flexible atmosphere but taking away students from the regular schoolroom should be the last alternative, and is grounded upon the belief that not all effective educational experiences happen in the classroom and thinking broadly about education is critical. 4. 0 Importance of behaviour management: 4. 1 Question How important is behaviour management in effective teaching and learning? For many teacher and school front-runners in the past, a silent and disciplined classroom was the symbol of effective teaching. There is no doubt that regimented classrooms and schools enable effective teaching and the decent behaviour management skills are essential for teachers to perform the primary task of improving students’ performance and learning outcomes. Interviewee 3 stated that behaviour management is a key skill for both experienced and beginning teachers. Interviewee 6 specified specifies that it is brilliance in teachers that makes the utmost difference. Hattie’s research about the key impacts on the variance in student success examined the differences between experts, proficient and experienced teachers (Hattie, 2003). Interviewee 1 suggested that the student behaviour is indissolubly associated to the quality of the learning capability and teaching skills. Active pedagogics is acute to student engagement. She advised that good quality of teaching increases the student engagement and reduces behaviour matters. She further recommended that optimistic relationships between students and teachers are significant to encourage correct behaviours and attaining learning objectives. 5. 0 Role of parents: 5. 1 Question How can parents contribute in improving the behaviour is students? Successful parent participation develops not only good student behaviour and attendance but also significantly affects student accomplishments. Parents can exhibit involvement at home by reading with their kids, assisting with homework, discussing school events and by attending functions or volunteering in classrooms. Being an experienced father, Interviewee 5 advised that parents are occasionally hesitant to get involved in school because they dont have spare time or because they dont speak smooth English. He said however the biggest issue is the disconnection between the school and the parents†. Interviewee 4 on the other hand answered, Parents consider that they are not welcomed. They often have had a lesser adequate experience with their own schooling. However she firmly believed that parents should remain open and supportive with teachers and other school staff when dealing with issues of student misbehaviour. Retired school teacher Interviewee 3 recommended that school staff should mediate with parents while dealing with behaviour and misconduct issues. He also suggested that parents should back the school’s Student Behaviour Management Policy and should work with their children to assist them to understand their responsibility and obligations towards others. 6. 0 Effects of Teacher Gender: 6. 1 Question How teacher gender affect the student behaviour? Interviewees were asked about the possible differences for teachers’ patience founded upon the gender of the teacher. Since both male and female teachers are present in the classrooms and the students are engaged in the classrooms with both genders, it is significant to recognise the characteristic differences. Teachers’ gender, teachers’ attitude, and the reporting of behaviour problem are found to have a connection (Ritter, 1989, Stake Katz, 1982). Interviewee 3 believed that teacher tolerance and student behaviour have a give-and-take relationship, in that students’ behaviour influences the teachers’ patience levels for behaviours, teachers’ approach and opinion of the student, and the contagion influence of behaviour on the rest of the students in the class, resulting in academic achievement of the students. He also considered that students are more involved, behave more properly, and perform at a greater level when taught by teachers who shares their gender. On the other hand, Interviewee 6 suggested that the male teachers used more clarifications and general instructions than the female teachers. They also ask more questions and call for more student answers than female teachers. 7. 0 Conclusion: The interview with diverse group of people of both genders helped in identifying the main causes of student misbehaviours and efficient ways of addressing such behaviours. There are always students in classrooms who tend to meet their desires and wants through inappropriate behaviour. Having a range of alternatives (that are consistent with the needs and values of the teacher) can be exceptionally valuable when reacting to incidents of misconduct in complex classrooms. Both verbal and nonverbal communications are important when answering to persistent disobedience. Teachers should develop an â€Å"I mean it† demeanour by using firmness and clarity. Many student misconduct problems can be resolved by reorganising the environment. This might be done to ease proximity control, isolate students who cannot workout self-control, or eliminate students from an area where there are disruptions. Teaching students to adjust their own behaviour benefits students recognise their feelings and their wants and aiding them learn how to search for substitutes to unproductive behaviour. Teachers and parents need to be working together rather than being adversaries.