A Study On Chinese Mother - 965 Words

In the beginning of the article, author Chua gives the reader a list of things that she forbidden her two daughters, Sophia and Louisa, to ever do. The list contain items such as: no sleepover, no play date, no school play, no TV nor computer, no grade less than A, no other extracurricular activities without parents approval, no other instruments beside piano and violin. Author Chua claims that this is the list â€Å"Chinese mother† would applied to create genius kids such as â€Å"math whizzes and music prodigies† (1). Moreover, she explains that â€Å"Chinese mother† do not necessary need to be Chinese, but it is more of a term to describe a very strict parenting style. Chu indicates â€Å"Chinese mother† and â€Å"Western parents† teaching styles are like night and day. She supports her theory with examples such as: the practice hour’s differences between two parenting styles-three hours versus 30 minutes of practice time; â€Å"Chinese mother† would stayed hours to do homework with their kids, whereas â€Å"Western parents† are suggested that â€Å"’stressing academic success is not good for children’ or that ‘parents need to foster the idea that learning is fun’†(4). Chua argues that when children get good at something the tasks and exercises become fun and exciting to do although it might seem harsh in the process. Author Chua implicates that practice makes everything perfect, thus persistent is the key to success. She indicates that once the kids get compliments, respect, and contentment their confidenceShow MoreRelatedThe Roar Of The Tiger Mom By Amy Chua1031 Words   |  5 PagesQuestions have been raised on whether Chinese parenting raises more flourishing children than Western parenting. Despite what people think, in Amy Chuas essay â€Å"The Roar of the Tiger Mom†, she portrays the differences between the beliefs of Chinese parenting and Western parenting. Chua introduces the views of a Chinese parent compared to the views of a Western parent. The methods used by Chinese mothers in raising their children are drastically different from Western mothers. Each defends their methods andRead MoreChinese Mothers926 Words   |  4 PagesWhy Chinese Mothers are superior Every parent wants to be proud of their children, to see them succeed in school, music, sports or whatever path they may choose. The professor and the author Amy Chua wrote the essay â€Å"Why Chinese mothers are superior†, where she tries to compare western parents to Chinese mothers and their different methods of raising children. Plenty of the people reading this essay may get the wrong idea and misunderstand, when Amy Chua tries to present Western parents as badRead MoreBattle Hymn Of The Tiger Mother By Amy Chua1069 Words   |  5 Pages Yale Law School professor and author of â€Å"Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother†, begins her article by questioning and explaining the secret to the success commonly seen among children raised by Chinese mothers. Amy Chua’s opinion piece gives compelling, though fairly biased and subjective, insight into the parenting styles of Chinese mothers. Before delving into possible answers, Chua explains that she uses the terms  "Chinese mother† and â€Å"Western parents† loosely to distinguish the cultural values andRead MoreTwo Different Mindsets of Parenting: The Chinese and the Western Approach1048 Words   |  5 PagesThe article â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior† by Amy Chua demonstrates the two different mind sets of parenting: Chinese parenting and Western approach to parenting. In my view, Chinese parenting is very strict about school work and extracurricular activities such as pianos and violins. For example, if we compare the two different sets of parenting; Chua says, for instance that Western parents believe that they are strict by forcing their kids practice their instruments for 30 minutes a day at mostRead MoreThe Roar Of The Tiger Mom By Amy Chua1347 Words   |  6 Pagesat times. In the essay, â€Å"The Roar of the Tiger Mom† Amy Chua explains with great detail, the many differences between Chinese mothers and western parents have in the upbringing of thei r children trying to prepare them for the real world. Amy Chua puts in her own insight of Chinese mothers trying to justify the Chinese parenting style, however, many western parents would defy Chinese parenting style. Amy Chua formed a list of the things she would never allow her children to do. These things may seemRead MoreCross-Cultural Differences Between Asian American Parenting1397 Words   |  6 Pagesanother study, by Cindy Lin and Fu (1990) compared and contrasted the parenting styles amongst Chinese, Immigrant Chinese, and Caucasian-American parents. The study was conducted on mothers and fathers of 138 kindergarteners, and first and second graders in the USA and Taiwan. This study researched the parental authoritativeness, academic achievement, and independence encouragement amongst the two cultures, and parenting styles through the use of surveys. The results concluded that Chinese, and ChineseRead MoreChinese Children Showed Improvements On Cognitive And Language Skills After Being Adopted853 Words   |  4 PagesSummary: Chinese children showed improvements on cognitive and language skills after being adopted. However, even though Chinese children were the leading internationally adopted group in many countries, â€Å"less is known about their attachment and socio-emotional outcomes† (Cohen Farnia, 2011, p.67). In addition, Cohen and Farnia believed that studies on Chinese adoptees were not measuring these children’s growth efficiently. Hence, Cohen and Farnia see the needs of studying Chinese adoptees’ attachmentRead MoreYin and Yang the Foundation of Chinese Beliefs Essay examples1378 Words   |  6 PagesPeople of the Chinese culture have many different beliefs and practices of medicine and healthcare. It is extremely important for nurses to be culturally competent and to be able to understand different practices and beliefs of different cultures to ensure that they are providing the best care and making their patients as comfortable as possible. According to Shih-Yu Lee, ritual is defined as â€Å"a social essential collective activity within a culture,† it is also well recognized that culture and ritualRead MoreCross Cultu ral Difference Is An Important Aspect That Defines The American Society1217 Words   |  5 PagesMoy,† it is clear that most of the Chinese from the East have a negative perception about the American society (3, Li). Therefore, most parents instill fear in their children to avoid contamination from their American counterparts. This performance research task is about walking someone else’s path. Close attention is drawn to the life of a student after I studied her movements and involvements in the school. The student in this performance research task is a Chinese female student from the East. SheRead MoreWhy Chinese Mothers Are Superior By Amy Chua1119 Words   |  5 Pagesasking themselves this question since the beginning of mankind. Some methods are better than others and some are quite questionable. In â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior†, Amy Chua discusses the effectiveness of her parenting style. This is an excerpt from Amy Chua’s book Battle Hy mn of the Tiger Mother. According to Behrens and Rosen, â€Å"the title â€Å"Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior† was written by the editors of the [Wall Street] Journal, not by Chua, most likely in an attempt (a successful one) to attract

Mathematical in India Past, Present, Future Free Essays

Mathematics in India Past, Present and Future What is mathematics? â€Å"mathematics is a science of space, numbers and quantity† Past: Indian mathematics emerged in the Indian subcontinent from 1200 BC until the end of the 18th century. In the classical period of Indian mathematics (400 AD to 1200 AD), important contributions were made by scholars like Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, and Bhaskara II. The decimal number system in use today was first recorded in Indian mathematics. We will write a custom essay sample on Mathematical in India Past, Present, Future or any similar topic only for you Order Now Indian mathematicians made early contributions to the study of the concept of zero as a number, negative numbers, arithmaticm and algebra. In addition, trigonometry was further advanced in India, and, in particular, the modern definitions of sine and cosine were developed there. These mathematical concepts were transmitted to the Middle East, China, and Europe and led to further developments that now form the foundations of many areas of mathematics. Present: 20th century The 20th century saw mathematics become a mojor profession. Every year, thousands of new Ph. D. s in mathematics are awarded, and jobs are availablein teaching, research and industry. Mathematical collaborations of unprecedented size and scope took place in India. One of the more colorful figures in 20th – century mathematics was Srinivasa Aiyangar Ramanujan (1887-1920), an Indian autodidact who conjectured or proved over 3000 theorems, including properties of highly composite nimbers, the partition function and its asymptotic, and mock theta functions. He also made major investigations in the areas of gamma functions, modular forms, divergent series, hyper geometric series and prime number theory. 21st century In 1980, Shakuntala Devi gave the product of two, thirteen digit nimbers within 28 seconds; many countries have invited her to demonstrate her extraordinary talent. In Dallas she competed with a computer with a computer to see who give the cube root of 188138517 faster, she won. At university of USA she was asked to give the 23rd root, she answered in 50 seconds. The answer is 546372891. It took a UNIVAC 1108 computer, full one minute (10 seconds more) to confirm that she was right after it was fed with 13000 instructions. Now she is known to be Human computer. FUTURE: There are many observable trends in mathematics, the most notable being that the subject is growing ever larger, computers are ever more important and powerful, the application of mathematics to bioinformatics is rapidly expanding, the volume of data to be analyzed being produced by science and industry, facilitated by computers, is explosively expanding. The field of mathematics has become so large that it has become impossible to have an overview of all relevant mathematics. A formalized library should enable the search for relevant results. When designing new high-tech systems, like software for an automatic pilot super computer etc. , one uses complicated mathematical models. Indian mathematician, engineers and scientist ar eone of the top leading in this trend. CONCLUSION: Mathematics is a science of all sciences and art of all arts. Without the proper foundation of mathematics, any science or subject will be a failure, Mathematics is a creation of human mind, concerned cheifly with the ideas, processes and reasoning the modern world of technology, tools such as computer requires the basic mathematics and calculations. Matehmatics is the instrument of education found to be in conformity with the human mind. If we sincerely give our time in the subject of mathematics, we can also come up with innovative ideas and thoughts that can shape the entire universe as our ancestors do in past. We look forward to what the future will bring. How to cite Mathematical in India Past, Present, Future, Essay examples

Positive Learning free essay sample

Introduction Student behaviours in schools have been perceived by researchers for years. Over the past twenty-five years, Sugai, (2009) states that Gallup Polls have specified, behavioural complications are on the top trials schools face. To establish and scan these behaviours, checklists of behaviours are available that included the most usual behaviours observed by te schools teachers (Algozzine, 2003). Such behaviours includes anxiety, disobedience, isolation, destructiveness and disruptiveness. Safran, Safran, Barcikowski, (1985) states, such behaviours occupy teachers for an undue amount of time. Safran Safran, (1984) reports that teachers normally spend sixty- ninety precent more time with misbehaving students than with the rest of the students. Johnson Fullwood, (2006) states that teachers spend up to ninety precent more time with problematic students. Many new teachers have trouble dealing with persistent misbehaviour. They become exasperated because their previous responses had little impact. They spend substantial time distressing about the problem and often feel as if their authority and power is being challenged. We will write a custom essay sample on Positive Learning or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A common way of consolidating behaviours is the division of internalising against externalising behaviours. Internalising behaviours such as anxiety, shyness, or inattentiveness mainly affect the student demonstrating the behaviour. Externalising behaviours such as fighting, aggression, and disobedience are outer-directed behaviours. It is essential to understand student behaviour from an eco-systemic viewpoint. This principle highlights the composite, unified and co-dependent type of relationships between a variety of relational, intra-personal and environmental factors that impact the everyday behaviours of teachers and students. The behavioural change in social systems does not take place in the direct approach of the positivistic custom. Instead, behaviours should be observed as cycles of communication. In other words, the students’ behaviour is assumed to be affected and dependent on the behaviours of other people around them. (De Jong. 2005). To learn the approaches and opinions of different people regarding student misbehaviour, a research was commenced through conducting informal interview of six people belonging to different groups in the society. The purpose was to get different views and perceptions on why students misbehave; interviewees included people from different groups such as practicing teachers, retired school teacher, parents, pre service teacher and a non-teaching professional. The interview consisted of several informal and open-ended questions in order to grasp the in-depth knowledge about various reasons of student misbehaviour and their solutions. The approach uses a series of questions intended to offer perspective on the student’s misbehaviour and assistance in creating responses. 2. 0 Participants: Following interviewees were selected for interview. Names have been kept confidential to maintain privacy. 1. Interviewee 1 (Female): is a full time teacher is her early 30’s. 2. Interviewee 2 (Female): is a pre-service teacher in her 20’s. 3. Interviewee 3 (Male): is a pensioned off school teacher in his late 50’s. 4. Interviewee 4 (Female): is a 38 years old mother of three children. 5. Interviewee 5 (Male): is a father of three children in his early 40’s. 6. Interviewee 6 (Male): is a non-teaching professional and postgraduate student in his early 30’s. During the interviews, many common themes regarding student misbehaviour, their reasons and impacts were discussed. Various researches and theories were also linked with the answers in order to analyse the root cause of such behaviours and the suitable responses. 3. 0 Understanding the Reasons for Difficult Behaviour: Understanding multiple causes of student misbehaviour can aid you to select the most applicable solution. Questions on physical, emotional and environmental factors were asked which helped in understanding the main grounds of problematic misbehaviours: 3. 1 Question What are the physical causes of misbehaviour? Interviewee 1 suggested that the consumption of illegal Medication and Drugs by school students modify their behaviour in numerous ways. She once took students on an excursion, and one student arrived drunk showing extreme behaviours (drowsy, overly active). Students usually recall information when they are in the same state (drunk) as when they learned it (Eich, 1989). Interviewee 2 answered that students don’t take good care of their health and feeling unpleasant can make them irritable, although misperception and distraction may be more usual reactions. She also pondered that Fatigue is common in academic life and increases, when exams dates are near. When the pressure of exams increases, politeness is usually absent in students. Hearing and vision problems also result in student misbehaviour. A student with such debility may appear troublesome. Interviewee 3 answered that vision/hearing difficulty of student or even the teacher raises the risk of confusion thus leading to miscommunication and the possibility that student or teacher might get offended. 3. 2 Question What are the major Emotional Challenges? Teachers have to choose if to get personally involved when emotional challenges are the reason for rude behaviour. Talking privately with associates or the counselling centre can benefit the teacher to choose when a student requires referral for professional assistance. Interviewee 6 specified that when school students reach an adults’ age, they’re usually given charge for their major decisions in life thus they might feel lonely once confronted with loss. Grief may be uttered as anger or guilt, depression and denial. Interviewee 3 believed that a small incident in the class (like forgetting the textbook) may activate a strangely big response and usually the teacher is merely an aim for the expression of the student’s sentiment. 3. 3 Question What are the major Environmental Factors? Interviewee 1 discussed that class size and culture contribute to varying student’s behaviours. Big classes can buoy up a student or students to behave as if they were in a cinema or even a tv lounge. Interviewee further commented that supportive educational activities might aid in reducing the blockades that a big class creates among the teachers and the students. Every culture has a different standard regarding student’s unpunctuality to class or when it is suitable for a student to talk. If all every student is going to experience a specific cultural atmosphere after graduation, it may be easier to have classroom environment that matches with the work environment. Routine and Stimulation are other environmental factors identified by Interviewee 2 commented that excessive routine result in boredom, however too little creates confusion. A lot of motivation generates difficulties for the students who normally have trouble handling their activity level, and too little motivation results in disruption in the class. Interviewee 1 opined the importance of an unconventional learning environment. Some students require alternate flexible atmosphere but taking away students from the regular schoolroom should be the last alternative, and is grounded upon the belief that not all effective educational experiences happen in the classroom and thinking broadly about education is critical. 4. 0 Importance of behaviour management: 4. 1 Question How important is behaviour management in effective teaching and learning? For many teacher and school front-runners in the past, a silent and disciplined classroom was the symbol of effective teaching. There is no doubt that regimented classrooms and schools enable effective teaching and the decent behaviour management skills are essential for teachers to perform the primary task of improving students’ performance and learning outcomes. Interviewee 3 stated that behaviour management is a key skill for both experienced and beginning teachers. Interviewee 6 specified specifies that it is brilliance in teachers that makes the utmost difference. Hattie’s research about the key impacts on the variance in student success examined the differences between experts, proficient and experienced teachers (Hattie, 2003). Interviewee 1 suggested that the student behaviour is indissolubly associated to the quality of the learning capability and teaching skills. Active pedagogics is acute to student engagement. She advised that good quality of teaching increases the student engagement and reduces behaviour matters. She further recommended that optimistic relationships between students and teachers are significant to encourage correct behaviours and attaining learning objectives. 5. 0 Role of parents: 5. 1 Question How can parents contribute in improving the behaviour is students? Successful parent participation develops not only good student behaviour and attendance but also significantly affects student accomplishments. Parents can exhibit involvement at home by reading with their kids, assisting with homework, discussing school events and by attending functions or volunteering in classrooms. Being an experienced father, Interviewee 5 advised that parents are occasionally hesitant to get involved in school because they dont have spare time or because they dont speak smooth English. He said however the biggest issue is the disconnection between the school and the parents†. Interviewee 4 on the other hand answered, Parents consider that they are not welcomed. They often have had a lesser adequate experience with their own schooling. However she firmly believed that parents should remain open and supportive with teachers and other school staff when dealing with issues of student misbehaviour. Retired school teacher Interviewee 3 recommended that school staff should mediate with parents while dealing with behaviour and misconduct issues. He also suggested that parents should back the school’s Student Behaviour Management Policy and should work with their children to assist them to understand their responsibility and obligations towards others. 6. 0 Effects of Teacher Gender: 6. 1 Question How teacher gender affect the student behaviour? Interviewees were asked about the possible differences for teachers’ patience founded upon the gender of the teacher. Since both male and female teachers are present in the classrooms and the students are engaged in the classrooms with both genders, it is significant to recognise the characteristic differences. Teachers’ gender, teachers’ attitude, and the reporting of behaviour problem are found to have a connection (Ritter, 1989, Stake Katz, 1982). Interviewee 3 believed that teacher tolerance and student behaviour have a give-and-take relationship, in that students’ behaviour influences the teachers’ patience levels for behaviours, teachers’ approach and opinion of the student, and the contagion influence of behaviour on the rest of the students in the class, resulting in academic achievement of the students. He also considered that students are more involved, behave more properly, and perform at a greater level when taught by teachers who shares their gender. On the other hand, Interviewee 6 suggested that the male teachers used more clarifications and general instructions than the female teachers. They also ask more questions and call for more student answers than female teachers. 7. 0 Conclusion: The interview with diverse group of people of both genders helped in identifying the main causes of student misbehaviours and efficient ways of addressing such behaviours. There are always students in classrooms who tend to meet their desires and wants through inappropriate behaviour. Having a range of alternatives (that are consistent with the needs and values of the teacher) can be exceptionally valuable when reacting to incidents of misconduct in complex classrooms. Both verbal and nonverbal communications are important when answering to persistent disobedience. Teachers should develop an â€Å"I mean it† demeanour by using firmness and clarity. Many student misconduct problems can be resolved by reorganising the environment. This might be done to ease proximity control, isolate students who cannot workout self-control, or eliminate students from an area where there are disruptions. Teaching students to adjust their own behaviour benefits students recognise their feelings and their wants and aiding them learn how to search for substitutes to unproductive behaviour. Teachers and parents need to be working together rather than being adversaries.

Breastfeeding and the Workplace

Breastfeeding and the Workplace Breastfeeding and the WorkplaceCompanies, as well as their employees, benefit from establishing and supporting breastfeeding programs within the workplace.With the average maternity leave averaging six weeks, many breastfeeding moth-ers struggle with their decision to continue breastfeeding their infant upon returning to work. "Despite a few exceptions, most US employers give no support to breastfeeding mothers, contributing to the decision of many new moms to quit nursing once back on the job" (Tyson, 1998). Workplace breastfeeding support can ease a new mother's transition back to work. "There are various forms of practical support employers can offer women to help them continue breastfeeding after they return to work" (Personnel Today, 2003).There are several benefits that the employer can reap by supporting workplace lactation programs. "Workplace lactation programs reduce health care costs and em-ployee absenteeism caused by infant illness because breast-fed infants are healthie r, ac-cording to AAP". "Its research has shown that these babies have fewer allergies, respira-tory infections, ear infections, and serious diseases, such as diabetes".English: Breastfeeding an infant Portuguà ªs: Um re..."Breastfeeding also keeps mothers healthier by reducing the risk of ovarian and breast cancers, say the AAP" (Tyler,1999). Studies show there is less illness among breastfed children and therefore lower health insurance costs. A healthier child in turn means less employee absenteeism. It can also be a boost to employee morale. Diane Cushman, a manager at a property-casualty company in St. Paul, Minnesota, states, "It's a great morale builder, even for people who aren't using it". "It's a low-cost, high impact program". "And it's not difficult to implement" (Tyler, 1999).A lactation program, along with the more common health care, 401k, and pension benefits, can also be a good incentive to attract new employees. Many companies who frequently make the "Top 100" list s provide breastfeeding support programs. "Providing lactation rooms is a good...

How to Build the Back of a Book Cover (with Template)

How to Build the Back of a Book Cover (with Template) The Back of a Book Cover: How to Build One That Actually Works (with Template) Picture an intrepid reader in the bookstore. They’re skimming the shelves when their eye is caught by a brilliantly imagined front cover. They pick the book up. Check. The spine is bold and inviting. Check. Then they flip to the back of the book cover - and it’s a boring solid background with no text.When it comes to book design, your thoughts probably don’t jump straight to a book’s back - it’s not as sexy or attention-grabbing as, say, the front. But it happens to be one of the most important sales tools at your disposal. So let's clear up some misconceptions:Nobody ever sees the back cover of a book online! Amazon.com now allows customers to view the back of paperback books.I don’t need a back cover to create a print book! KDP Print and IngramSpark require you to upload a front cover, spine, and back cover.Then there’s the biggest myth of all: nobody pays attention to the back of a book. Almost everyone reads the blurb before they decide whether to purchase. What’s more, they’ll spend only 10 seconds doing it. In this post, we’ll show you how to make that time count so that a reader ends up deciding in your favor.What makes a good back cover? As you start putting your own back cover together, just remember: experiment to find a balance that works for your book. When you hit a perfect balance between all the elements, you’ll have created a back cover that works.Are you in the middle of designing your own back cover? How have you found the experience? Leave your thoughts in the comments below.

Possession of the Pubescent Female as Represented in The Exorcist Research Paper

Possession of the Pubescent Female as Represented in The Exorcist - Research Paper Example The invasive context in which the monster in The Exorcist (1973) has manifested represents the ways in which biological changes occur without the will of an individual. Regan is not under her own control, but is controlled by forces within her body that she cannot escape. No one can control what is happening to her. The priest, a representation of the male dominant gender, has no true power over the changes that are occurring within the little girl. He is flummoxed by the changes and is impotent in stopping what is happening to her. However, the male figure is still charged with saving the girl from her own spill of identity, the demon representing the psychological and physical changes that she cannot control and will set her life on a new course in which she must navigate the newness.According to Davies, human beings are fascinated by monsters because they most often have elements of explanation that real life does not often provide. As well, the ’paradox of horror’ c an be explained in terms of the ’disowned self’, the parts of the mind that a person may not want to own or acknowledge. The monster represents â€Å"the struggle between oppressive social norms and our repressed desires†, creating a tangible link between the parts of the self that cannot be expressed and the parts of the biological development that cannot be denied (330). The identity is often complicated by physical changes and manifestations of mental desires that are beyond the direct control of the self.

Differentiaitng between market structures Essay

Differentiaitng between market structures - Essay Example An industry with a structure of perfect competition may be seen with a large number firms competing for consumers purchase, monopolistic competition has many while few firms are present in an oligopoly and monopoly has only one. Fruit and vegetable vendors in a marketplace are examples of perfect competition, home products producers like Unilever, Colgate-Palmolive and Procter and Gamble are under monopolistic competition, credit card companies such as Visa, MasterCard and American Express are oligopolists and Microsoft has monopolized the operating system for computers. The number of firms in an industry is dependent to the level or degree of barriers present in the market. A high level of barrier discourages if not totally eliminate new firms from joining the industry. This is true for oligopoly and monopoly. Barriers like high capital requirements, established loyalty from customers and collaboration or cartel may deter entrance of new or smaller firms. On the other hand, a lower degree to the point of absence of barrier may encourage the new entrants. A perfectly competitive market has no barrier at all, prices are set by the market itself and so the competition, price and non-price, is very healthy. A low level is observed in a monopolistic competition causing new firms to be attracted in joining the industry. The level of market power that a firm possesses reflects its control over price. However, this power depends on factors like the numbers of producers, the size of each firm, barriers to entry and the availability of substitute goods. With the existence of one or few producers, the power to control the market is automatically granted. The size of the firm relative to the size of the product market can affect its market power. A big firm could possess a small power if it is in a large industry but a small one could hold a lot of power if it is a small market. The ease or difficulty of entry into an industry limits the ability of a powerful firm to dict ate prices and flows of products (Schiller, 2006). If new firms will be willing to enter the market, share in the spoils and succeeded, the market power will also be distributed among the firms in the said market, otherwise the power will remain concentrated in the big players. With the fourth determinant, if there will be substitute goods that customers could avail of, prices will not be set at very high level and so they can decide to switch or choose the closest substitutes. The oligopoly and monopoly both hold substantial power to control the market, from the output production to dictation of prices. Monopolistic competition may hold some but the firms under perfect competition holds no power at all. As in other industries, the market structure of the computer industry has evolved over time. It was never a monopoly, nor was it ever a perfect competition (Schiller, 2006). It was more of a monopolistic competition. This market structure is characterized by several sellers producin g the same products that are slightly differentiated. Apple Inc. was one of the first companies who dominated this industry. Its success and high profits attracted other producers of microcomputers to imitate them. With the entry of over 250 firms between 1976 and 1983, the industry became more competitive but not perfectly competitive. Prices were pushed downward and products were improved because of the increased